Single nucleotide polymorphism in avian uncoupling protein gene is associated with thermoregulation in chicks

Avian uncoupling protein (av-UCP) is a key protein for thermoregulation in poultry. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the av-UCP gene has been reported in chickens. The purpose of the current study was to clarify the association between this av-UCP gene mutation and thermoregulation in chickens. Wild and mutant type chicks for the av-UCP gene SNP (g. 1270 of the av-UCP gene exon 3 with C to T substitution and amino acid substitution) were exposed to high ambient temperature. Rectal temperature, radiation temperature on the body surface, and the expression of heat dissipation behavior (wing drooping and panting) during heat exposure were measured. In addition, oxygen consumption rate in the thermoneutral zone in wild and mutant type chicks was measured. Changes in wing temperature during heat exposure in wild-type chicks were lower than those in mutants. The latency of continuous wing drooping during heat exposure in wild-type chicks was shorter than in mutant chicks. It was also found that the SNP in the av-UCP gene caused reduced oxygen consumption. These results suggest that the av-UCP gene mutation affects thermoregulation, especially heat production, in chickens.     

去势术对雄性中华田园犬脂代谢的影响

[目的] 研究去势术对雄性中华田园犬脂代谢的影响。[方法] 将12只年龄、体重相近的中华田园犬分为非手术组和去势组,对去势组中华田园犬进行去势手术,观察并测定术前第1天、术后第14天、术后第21天血清中甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）含量,以非手术组作为对照,分析去势术对雄性犬脂代谢的影响。[结果] 去势组与非手术组相比,血清中TG含量在第14天到第21天显著上升;血清中TC含量相比非手术组呈下降趋势;HDL第14天和第21天都低于非手术组;LDL都高于非手术组,整体呈上升趋势。[结论] 去势手术会影响雄性中华田园犬机体脂类代谢,会导致去势犬甘油三酯升高,总胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白下降,低密度脂蛋白上升。     

通过财务稽核强化电力企业的内部控制

通过对财务稽核的意义、作用以及电力企业内部控制的基本要求,阐述财务稽核对强化企业内部控制的重要性,同时列举电力企业管理中容易出现的财务管理方面的漏洞,并依次作为问题进行讨论寻找解决的途径。     

基于低碳与成本约束的机电产品包装概念设计

机电产品的包装需要耗费大量的原木,对环境造成了极大的影响,也增加了机电产品的生产经营成本。文章从低碳和成本约束的角度,对机电产品包装概念设计的模型进行了分析和探讨。     

低温条件下组合式生态浮床系统净化微污染水体的特性研究

为研究低温对生态浮床水质净化效果的影响,引入陶粒作为浮床的基质,构筑了美人蕉-陶粒基质组合式生态浮床系统,研究在低温条件下其对微污染水体水质净化的效果特性。结果表明,在进水温度为0.5~15℃,进水DO浓度为4.94~6.65mg/L,水体交换时间为7d下,该生态浮床系统对水体中NH+4-N、NO-3-N、NO-2-N、TN、COD和色度的平均去除率为36.30%、77.37%、50.34%、52.56%、16.89%和70.99%。当水体的温度低于5.0℃,该生态浮床系统对水体中NH+4-N、NO-2-N、TN、COD和色度的去除效果均有所下降。     

Accuracy of imputation of single nucleotide polymorphism marker genotypes from low‐density panels in Japanese Black cattle

Using target and reference fattened steer populations, the performance of genotype imputation using lower‐density marker panels in Japanese Black cattle was evaluated. Population imputation was performed using BEAGLE software. Genotype information for approximately 40 000 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers by Illumina BovineSNP50 BeadChip was available, and imputation accuracy was assessed based on the average concordance rates of the genotypes, varying equally spaced SNP densities, and the number of individuals in the reference population. Two additional statistics were also calculated as indicators of imputation performance. The concordance rates tended to be lower for SNPs with greater minor allele frequencies, or those located near the ends of the chromosomes. Longer autosomes yielded greater imputation accuracies than shorter ones. When SNPs were selected based on linkage disequilibrium information, relative imputation accuracy was slightly improved. When 3000 and 10 000 equally spaced SNPs were used, the imputation accuracies were greater than 90% and approximately 97%, respectively. These results indicate that combining genotyping using a lower‐density SNP chip with genotype imputation based on a population of individuals genotyped using a higher‐density SNP chip is a cost‐effective and valid approach for genomic prediction.     

应用压力早期恢复资料确定低渗地层压力

低渗透油藏的压力恢复曲线,不能用Horner外推压力求取地层压力。基于Horner方程的等轴双曲线形式,提出了应用压力早期恢复资料确定低渗地层压力的新方法。通过油井实际资料计算验证,用该方法计算的地层压力准确可靠,较好地解决了低渗透油藏求地层压力的问题。     

紫花苜蓿种子吸胀期胚根线粒体AsA-GSH循环对低温胁迫的响应

为探究胚根线粒体抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽(AsA-GSH)循环响应低温胁迫的抗氧化作用机制,以紫花苜蓿种子为材料,研究了不同温度(10和20℃)处理下发芽特性、不同吸胀时间(6、12和24 h)胚根线粒体AsA-GSH循环酶活性、抗氧化物以及过氧化氢(H₂O₂)含量的变化规律。结果表明,吸胀12和24 h后,10℃处理的胚根线粒体H₂O₂含量高于20℃。吸胀24 h期间,10℃处理的胚根线粒体谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性均低于20℃。吸胀12和24 h后,10℃处理的胚根线粒体抗坏血酸(AsA)含量均低于20℃。10℃条件下吸胀24 h后,与20℃处理相比,胚根线粒体谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。苜蓿种子在10℃条件下吸胀萌发时,主要通过降低AsA-GSH循环中GR、单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(MDHAR)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性和AsA、GSH含量,使胚根线粒体内的H₂O₂积累,产生氧化损伤,继而影响种子萌发的正常进程。     

三道湾水电站正常溢洪洞及泄洪排

试验表明，三道湾水电站原设计存在以下问题：泄洪排沙洞单独全开运行工况下，其进口上方存在贯通性吸气漏斗漩涡；正常溢洪洞进口侧收缩十分严重，泄流量不足，闸后存在水翅、折冲波等不良流态，下游消能效果不佳；针对实际情况，试验通过在泄洪排沙洞进口增设消涡格栅，在正常溢洪洞进口设置椭圆形导墙、延长闸后收缩段，下游采用扩散挑流消能等措施，很好地解决了上述问题。     

一种农业电网远程监测系统的设计

基于当前嵌入式的流行，设计了一套嵌入式网络服务器，对其设计方案及主要芯片端口和功能进行介绍，将其应用到农业电网远程监测系统中的网络通信，给出了系统的功能框图，所涉及到的技术有数据采集技术、实时网络通讯技术等等。